Deredza kusvibiswa kwesimbi isina tsvina indasitiri

Abstract: Mumakore achangopfuura, iyo Party Central Committee uye iyo State Council yakaisa kukosha kukuru kune iyo yakanyanya-yakaderera emission shanduko yesimbi nesimbi. Mumisangano yakawanda yakakosha uye nemishumo yebasa rehurumende, zvakave zvichikurudzirwa kusimudzira kushomeka kwekushomeka kwakanyanya kweindasitiri yesimbi neyesimbi. "Pfungwa dzekusimudzira Kuitwa kweiyo Ultra-Yakadzika Emissions muIni uye Simbi Indasitiri" (Mushure mekuburitswa kweHuan Taiqi [2019] Nha. 35), matunhu ese anodikanwa kuti aite yakaderera-yakaderera emisi shanduko yesimbi indasitiri mu zvikamu uye matunhu. Iyo miganho yekubuda mu "Opinion" inonzi zvakare "akaomesesa matanho munhoroondo" nenyanzvi dzeindasitiri. Pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu akajairika, nekubatanidza kuburikidza nezvinodiwa zveindekisi yezvinhu zvinobuda mugwaro uye chimiro chazvino chetekinoroji yekubvisa guruva yenyika yangu, enzanisa zvakanakira nekuipira kwetekinoroji huru yekubvisa guruva nekuzivikanwa kwakanyanya muindasitiri, uye kurukura nezve sarudzo. yeguruva kubvisa tekinoroji nzira pasi pezvitsva zvinodiwa. Uye kusimudzira mazano ekutaurwa nemakambani esimbi akakodzera uye kubatsira kukunda muhondo yekurwisana nedenga rebhuruu.
Kuitira kuzadzikisa zvisarudzo nekutumirwa kweParty Central Committee neState Council, muna Kubvumbi 2019, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, pamwechete neDevelopment and Reform Commission pamwe ne Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, zvakaburitswa "Opinions paKusimudzira Implementation yeU Ultra-Yakadzika Emissions muiyo Simbi Indasitiri "(pano kunzi" Maonero "). Iwo "Maonero" akasimbisazve iyo yekutanga emission zviyero zvezvinhu zvine chinhu mune dzakasiyana simbi maitiro, uye vakaronga kuti ultra-yakaderera emweya inoreva kune yakaderera-yakadzika mukati meichi chiitiko. Iyo zvakare inoisa kumberi kufambira mberi kunodiwa kweiyo-yakaderera-shanduko mumatunhu akasiyana siyana, izvo zvinowedzera kusimudzira kubviswa kweguruva uye tekinoroji yekurapa yeindasitiri yesimbi. Chinja. Nekudaro, parizvino, mazhinji emumba masimbi esimbi nesimbi mabhizinesi ane nguva refu yekuputika yevira-inoshandura maitiro, aine akawanda uye akaomarara maitiro. Haisi basa rakareruka kusangana neyakaenzana masisitimu echinhu chese chigadzirwa. Zvakare, kuvandudzwa kwemumba simbi nesimbi mabhizinesi haana kuenzana, uye kugona kwekugadzira kusinga svike nharaunda dzekuchengetedza nharaunda kuchiri kushomeka. Naizvozvo, kukwidziridzwa uye kukwidziridzwa kwenzvimbo dzekubvisa guruva kwakakosha. Naizvozvo, pasi penzvimbo yazvino yekudzivirira mutemo wezvemamiriro ezvinhu, kutsvaga kuzadzisa iyo yakadzika-yakadzika emisi muganhu wevhu guruva munguva pfupi yenguva pasina mubvunzo ndiro dambudziko rinokurumidza kwazvo rinotarisana nemakambani esimbi.
Mirror-Ndarama1
1. Particulate nyaya kudzora zvinodikanwa mune ye Ultra-yakaderera emission shanduko
Muna Kubvumbi 2019, iyo "Pfungwa" yakavhurwa zviri pamutemo, ichimisa dutu resimbi yekuchengetedza zvakatipoteredza, ichizivisa kuti nyika yangu indasitiri yesimbi seyese yapinda mune yakajairika mamiriro ekushomeka-kwakaderera emweya shanduko. Nezvezvinhu zvinoratidzira zvinhu, "Maonero" anoda gasi rekudzimisa muchimiro chemweya wakarongedzwa, sintering muchina musoro uye pellet yekugocha flue gasi (inosanganisira shaft chirafu, kabati-rotary hari, bhanhire roaster), coking maitiro ekokoni chimney pombi gasi, Dzimwe masosi makuru ekushatisa (kusanganisira muswe weiyo sintering muchina, kubhadharisa marasha, kudzima coke yakaoma, kupisa moto zvitofu, kupomba gomba remoto nekutepa dzimba, kupisa simbi prereatment, shanduri yechipiri flue gasi, nezvimwewo. haina kukwirira Pa 10 mg / m3, iyo paawa pavhareji emission kusanganisa kweinenge 95% yenguva pamwedzi inosangana neyakajairwa; iyo gasi remarara riri muchimiro chisina kurongeka, izvo zvinhu zvinounza uye nekuvharisa mapoinzi, sintering, pelletizing, ironmaking, coking uye mamwe maitiro ezvekupwanya zvinhu, kuongorora, Guruva kubvisa zvivakwa zvinofanirwa kupihwa zvekusanganisa michina uye zvigadzirwa zvemarara. Uye zvakare, iyo "Opinions" yakaratidzawo kuti mabhizinesi anofanirwa kusarudza akura uye anoshanda ekuchengetedza shanduko shanduko matekinoroji maererano nemamiriro efekitori, uye kukurudzira kushandiswa kwenzvimbo dzepamberi dzekubvisa guruva senge firimu-yakavharwa firita bhegi guruva vateresi uye firita cartridge guruva vateresi , iyo inonongedza kwainotungamira kwesarudzo yeguruva kubvisa tekinoroji yekurapa. .
2. Chazvino chinzvimbo cheguruva kubvisa tekinoroji kunyorera
Mushure mekuongorora anodarika makumi maviri esimbi nesimbi mabhizinesi, zvinoonekwa kuti angangoita ese esimbi nesimbi mabhizinesi anoshandisa yakakwira-inoshanda bhegi firita kana katuriji firita kurapa guruva-rine mweya wefesi, uye mamwe maitiro anogadzira emvura chiutsi gasi shandisa yakanyorova emagetsi emagetsi. Iyo kambani inotenda kuti izvi zvakakura maitiro ane akanyanya guruva uye marara gasi ekurapa maitiro, izvo zvakafanana neiyo guruva yekubvisa tekinoroji inotaurwa mu "Maonero". Uye zvakare, zvinoenderana neanogona matekinoroji ekurapa kwechetereti chinhu mumhepo gasi inotsanangurwa mu "technical Magadzirirwo ePollution Mvumo Kunyorera uye Kuburitsa", Kunze kweiyo gasi rekuzungu rinogadzirwa neanopisa anopeterera chigayo kupedzisa, imwe gasi rekubvisa kusvibiswa chizvarwa node dzinogona kurapwa nebag bhegi (kufukidza). Membrane sefa yezvinhu) uye sefa katuriji guruva kubvisa maitiro. Naizvozvo, chinyorwa ichi chinonyanya kuongorora zvakanakira nekuipira pamwe nekushandisa kwehombodo uye firita cartridge yekubvisa guruva matekinoroji.
Bhegi firita yakaonekwa kare uye yakashandiswa sekutanga kupera kweWesternization Movement. Iyo yainyanyo shandiswa kusefa yakaoma, ine guruva gasi ine diki tunhu size. Sefa bhegi rakagadzirwa neyakasiyana mafirita faibha (kemikari faibha kana girazi faibha) kuburikidza nekuruka kana tsono kubaya, uye inoshandisa iyo yekusefa basa yeiyo fiber jira kusefa ine guruva-rine gasi. Iyo katuriji yerudzi guruva muteresi yakaonekwa ichinonoka. Muma1970, vamwe vashandisi vakaonekwa munyika dzekuMadokero. Ivo vaitenda kuti iyi mhando yeguruva muteresi yakanga iri diki muhukuru, zvakanyanya kuvandudzwa mukugadzirisa kushanda, uye nyore kuchengetedza. Nekudaro, kana zvichidikanwa kurapa guruva gasi nemhepo yakakura mweya, maitiro ekurapa anozove asina kunaka nekuda kweiyo diki inokwenenzvera chiputira, izvo zvinonetsa kuisa mumabhizimusi makuru emabhizimusi, saka haina kukurudzirwa zvakanyanya kune vazhinji makore. Kubva muzana ramakumi maviri nemasere, hunyanzvi hwepasirose hwepasi rose hwakasimukira nekukurumidza. Mamwe makambani ekune dzimwe nyika akatungamira mukuvandudza chimiro uye sefa yezvinhu zvemuunganidzi weguruva, achiwedzera huwandu hwenzvimbo nguva dzinoverengeka uye achiva gurukota hombe muteresi nenzvimbo yekusefa inodarika zviuru zviviri zvemamirimita.
3. Kuenzanisa kuongorora kwehunyanzvi hwekubvisa guruva
1. Bhegi guruva muteresi
(1) Kushanda musimboti webhegi firita
Iyo ine guruva ine gasi inopinda munzira yekufefetera kubva muguruva kubvisa hood, uye kana ichisvika panobuda, inofuridzirwa neyakafarirwa dhiraivhu fan, uyezve iyo firibhuru yeguruva kubvisa firita bhegi inoshandiswa kutora utsi neguruva nerubatsiro. yegiravhiti uye inertia.
(2) Huru zvinhu zvinokanganisa mashandiro ebhegi firita
Iko kushanda kwehomwe firita kunyanya kunosanganisira kubvisa guruva kushanda, kumanikidza kurasikirwa uye hupenyu hwebasa. Izvo zvinhu zvakakosha zvinoona guruva kubvisa kunyatsoita uye hupenyu hwebasa rebhegi firita inosanganisira mweya-kune-jira reshiyo, mhando yefaera zvinhu, uye nesarudzo yenzira dzekubvisa guruva.
Iyo firita yezvinhu zvebhegi firita yakachinja kubva kune yakajairwa tambo kuenda kune yakanakisa tambo, wozoenda kune yakasarudzika-yakaumbwa-muchinjika-chikamu chikamu tambo, uyezve kune ePTFE membrane chimiro. Shinda dzakajairika hadzigone kudzora guruva rakanaka, saka zvakafanira kuti uchinje chimiro chefibre kana kushandisa simba rekunze kuti uwane kudzora kwakadzika-kweguruva; Ultra-yakanaka faibha yakaumbwa muchinjikwa-chikamu tambo ine hombe yakatarwa nzvimbo, zvichikonzera nzvimbo yakakura yekusefa, nokudaro ichideredza huwandu hweMweya-ku-machira; ePTFE membrane inogona kutora guruva pane iyo membrane pamusoro. Parizvino, sarudzo ye membrane firita yezvinhu zvefaira bhegi zvinhu ndiyo sarudzo ine guruva kubvisa kunyatsoshanda.
2. Cartridge guruva muteresi
Iwo anoshanda musimboti weiyo firita cartridge guruva muteresi: Iyo ine guruva-ine gasi inopinda iyo yekufefetera dhizaini kuburikidza neguruva muteresi, uye inosvitswa mubhokisi neyekunze yakamisirwa dhizaini fan. Nekuti iro bhokisi rine nharaunda yakakura kwazvo kupfuura pombi, mweya unowedzera, uye inorema huru zvidimbu zveguruva zvinogadzikana negiravhiti, Iyo yakareruka tudonhwe tudiki tune guruva tinopinda mufaera katuriji nemhepo yekufema, uye yakavharirwa nechinhu chesefa kuburikidza ne nhevedzano yemhedzisiro yemhedzisiro uyezve yakaparadzaniswa nemhepo.
3. Kuenzaniswa kwezvakanakira nekuipira bhegi firita uye firita yemagetsi
Bhegi mhando guruva muteresi uye firita katuriji guruva muteresi vane zvavo zvakwakanakira nekuipira mukushandisa maitiro. Kana uchisarudza nzira yekubvisa guruva, kufunga kwakazara kunofanirwa kupihwa kumamiriro ezvinhu ekambani yacho. Zvakanakira nekuipira zvinoratidzwa muTafura 1.
Chechina, bhizinesi rinoshanda rekuongorora kesi
Tora guruva kubvisa maitiro shanduko yeanoputika gomba gomba maitiro chikamu cheboka resimbi muHebei Province semuenzaniso. Iyo kambani pakutanga yakashandisa bhegi firita kuti ibvise guruva kubva mukubvisa gasi inogadzirwa muchikamu chekuputika gomba remugomba. Nekudaro, zvakawanikwa panguva yekushandisa izvo zvaizokonzeresa nyonganiso nekuda kwemamiriro ekushanda. Dambudziko rebhegi. Panguva imwecheteyo, nekuda kwehurombo hwekubvisa guruva resafa bhegi, iyo mweya wekubuda gasi weichi chikamu haugone kusangana nezvinodiwa zveyakadzika-yakaderera emweya zviyero. Tichifunga nezve mamiriro ekusvika muyero uye mari yekudyara kutsiva bhegi resafa, kambani yakafunga kushandura nzira yekubvisa guruva uye kutsiva bhegi firita nefirita cartridge firita. Iyo parameter uye mhedzisiro kuenzanisa pamberi uye mushure mekushandurwa kunoratidzwa mu Tafura 2.
Zvinoenderana neinternet yekuongorora dhata pamberi uye mushure mekushandurwa, iyo particulate emission kusanganisa kweiyo gasi rekudzimisa muchikamu chino yakadzikiswa zvakanyanya, uye inogona kusvika mukati me10 mg / m3, ichizadzisa izvo zvinodikanwa zveyakanyanya-yakaderera emisi zviyero. Zvichienzaniswa neshanduko isati yaitika, mushure mekushandisa iyo firita cartridge guruva muteresi, dambudziko rekupfeka nyore uye leakage yeye bhegi firita inodzivirirwa, zvakanyanya inogona kushandiswa kwenguva yakareba isina kugadziriswa, kunyangwe iyo firita cartridge yabviswa yatsiviwa, iri nyore kwazvo, uye inokudzwa munzvimbo shoma. Iyo inoshanda firita nzvimbo yaderedzwa, musiyano wekumanikidza idiki, uye guruva rekubvisa mhedzisiro rakadzikama. Asi mushure mekutsiva iyo firita cartridge guruva muteresi, kune zvekare zvimwe zvikanganiso.
Kubudikidza nekutaurirana nevashandi vemukati mekambani, munyori akadzidza kuti michina mushure mekushandurwa yakanyanya kuomarara kupfuura nakare, uye kambani inofanirwa kuve nedanho repamusoro rekushandisa, kuisa uye kugadzirisa manejimendi. Uye zvakare, iyo yakasarudzika yeiyo firita cartridge guruva muteresi yemhando dzakaoma dzeguruva haina kunaka sekutarisirwa, uye haina yakakwira kubvisa guruva kushanda kune ese marudzi eguruva. Kana iwe uchida kuishandisa kune ese maitiro, ichiri kuda kuve mune-kwakadzika kutsvagisa nekusimudzira. Kazhinji, pasi pemamiriro ekuwedzera ekudzivirira ezvakatipoteredza, zvichibva pakufunga kwekuteerera kwezvakatipoteredza, mhedzisiro yekutsiva ichiri yakakosha.
Shanu, pfupiso mazano
1. Mazano ekusarudza maitiro
Parizvino, tisingatarise kubviswa kweguruva rakanyorova, sarudzo yakasarudzika yekubvisa guruva mune yakasarudzika-yakadzika mamiriro inofanirwa kuve cartridge guruva muteresi uye bhegi firita. Mhando mbiri dzevaunganidzi veguruva vane zvadzo zvazvakanakira nekuipira. Kune iyo yekupedzisira-yakaderera particulate emission shanduko yesimbi mabhizinesi, zvinokurudzirwa kuti mabhizinesi anogona kusarudza guruva kubvisa tekinoroji zvichienderana nemamiriro chaiwo uye zvavanoda ivo. Kana iyo yekutanga bhegi guruva rekubvisa maitiro richiri kutadza kuwana rakadzikama emission zviyero, danho rekutanga rinogona kunge riri Kufunga kutsiva iyo PTFE microporous membrane uye Ultra-yakanaka faibha yepamusoro dhayidhi gradient firita zvinhu. Kechipiri, funga kutsiva iyo firita katuriji kubvisa guruva kuti upedze iyo yakadzika-yakaderera emission shanduko uye uwane yakajairwa emission.
2. Injiniya dhizaini mazano
Kuti makambani abatsire kusangana nezvinodiwa zve "Pfungwa" uye nekupa mareferenzi einjiniya dhizaini nekuvaka, muna Ndira 2020, China Environmental Protection Indasitiri Association yakaburitsa "technical Guidelines for Ultra-low Emission Reconstruction of Iron and Steel Enterprises", mune iyo yepamusoro-inoshanda bhegi guruva kubvisa maitiro uye kusefa iyo dhiramu guruva kubvisa maitiro inotsvaga akateedzana ehunyanzvi paramende mareferenzi maitiro, uye zvinokurudzirwa kuti mabhizinesi anogona kureva kwavari mukuita kwe-yakaderera-yakaderera emesi shanduko zvichienderana nemamiriro avo chaiwo . Kutora bhegi firita semuenzaniso, zvinokurudzirwa kuti kana kambani yaita chibvumirano, firita yemhepo inomhanyisa inofanirwa kugadzirwa kuve isingasviki 0.8 m / min. Sefa yemhepo inomhanya pano inofanirwa kunge iri izere sefa mhepo yekumhanyisa mhepo. Iyo yakazara filtration mhepo kumhanya ndiyo inofungidzirwa yakaverengwa filtration mhepo kumhanya. Kana off-line guruva muteresi achinge achenesa guruva, imwe yemabhini ichavharwa uye iyo chaiyo filtration yemhepo kumhanyisa ichawedzera. Ino inguvawo nguva iyo mweya unowanzo pfuura mwero, saka chinodikanwa ndiko kuzadza kwemhepo kumhanya; Zvinokurudzirwa kuti guruva rinotora rakagadzirwa neine deflector yekudzora kufambiswa kwemhepo. Kana iyo deflector ikasasarudzwa, bhegi resafa kana firita cartridge inoshambidzwa neyekufema kwemhepo uye inoderedza hupenyu hwebasa.
Iyo "Blue Sky Defense" yapinda muchikamu chekupedzisira chekugadzirisa matambudziko akaoma. Semhedziso huru yehondo yekudzivirira kusvibiswa kwemweya uye kutonga, indasitiri yesimbi yakakosha kune-yakaderera-emission shanduko. Simbi nemakambani esimbi anofanirwa kushingairira kupindura, kujekesa zvakatipoteredza kudzora kudzora mazano, uye kusimudzira kwemamiriro ekunze ekuvandudza uye nekuvandudza kwemaindasitiri.